Navigating Residency in France: Who Needs a French Language Test?

According to Service-Public.fr (the official French government site), a French language test is required for certain types of long-term residency and citizenship, but not for everyone.

You need to take a language test if:

● You are applying for a multi-year residency permit (carte de résident or carte de résident permanent)

● You are applying for French nationality

● You are under 65 years of age

● You fall under one of the following categories: ○ Spouse of a French citizen

○ Parent of a French child

○ Joining a family member with a residency permit (family reunification)

○ Applying for a long-term EU residency card

You do not need a French test if:

● You are applying for a short-term or temporary visa

● You are applying for a visitor visa

● You are over 65 years old

● You are renewing a temporary carte de séjour

● You have a disability or health-related exemption with supporting documents

Which Level of French Is Required?

France follows the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR), which defines levels from A1 (beginner) to C2 (near native). Here’s what’s required based on your situation:

● First-time carte de résident (10-year card): Level required A2 – Basic understanding of everyday language

● Carte de résident permanent renewal: Level required B1 – Can handle everyday tasks and participate in conversations

● French Citizenship (naturalisation): Level required B1 or B2* – Confident interaction and written comprehension

*Some préfectures expect B2, although the law technically requires B1. Requirements may vary locally, so always check with your local préfecture.

What Is A2 French?

If you’re applying for a carte de résident (after 5 years in France or as a spouse of a French citizen after 3 years), you’ll need to show at least A2-level proficiency. This means:

● You can understand basic sentences and expressions related to areas of immediate relevance (family, shopping, geography, etc.)

● You can communicate in simple tasks requiring direct exchange of information

● You can describe your background and surroundings using simple language

How Do You Prove Your Level?

There are several approved tests and certifications to prove your French level. For residency and citizenship applications, you must submit one of the following:

● TCF IRN (Test de Connaissance du Français – Intégration, Résidence, Nationalité)

● DELF/DALF diploma (A2 to B2 levels)

● Certificate from a state-approved language centre that provided your integration classes (OFII or state-funded institutions)

Make sure your test results are less than 2 years old when you apply.

If you don’t meet the language requirements, you won’t be denied the right to stay in France altogether. You can still apply for a 1-year temporary residency card (carte de séjour temporaire), which does not require French language certification.

You can then reapply for a longer-term permit after working on your language skills. In many cases, the prefecture may recommend (or require) free government-sponsored French classes.

What About Spouses of French Citizens?

Spouses of French citizens applying for long-term residency must meet the same A2 requirement. This has not changed in 2025, but what’s different is the increased enforcement by local prefectures.

For those applying for citizenship through marriage, the expectation is B1, so starting French lessons early can make the process smoother in the long run.

Final Thoughts: Don’t Let Language Hold You Back

While learning a new language is a challenge, it’s also an opportunity to engage with your new community and enrich your experience in France. Whether you’re applying for a 10-year residency card, seeking citizenship, or simply want to understand your neighbours, improving your French will open doors.

Remember:

● Not all visas or residents need to pass a language test.

● The A2 level is manageable for everyday tasks.

● Free classes and support are widely available across France.

By staying informed and proactive, you can navigate the French system confidently and start building your new life.

Need help understanding your visa’s language requirements? Reach out to FAB Expat, we’ve helped thousands of expats get their paperwork right the first time.